What alcohol does to the body

Published: Tuesday, February 24, 2026 at 2:00 pm

Alcohol Consumption Declining, Health Concerns Rising

Recent data indicates a significant shift in American drinking habits. A recent poll reveals that only 54% of U.S. adults currently consume alcohol, the lowest percentage recorded in nearly nine decades. This decline may be attributed to a growing awareness of the potential health risks associated with alcohol consumption.

Alcohol's effects on the body are multifaceted. In the short term, it can induce feelings of relaxation and sociability. However, long-term consumption, especially in large quantities, can lead to serious health problems.

The brain is significantly impacted. Studies suggest that even moderate drinkers (one drink a day) may experience a slight reduction in brain volume compared to non-drinkers, with greater shrinkage observed in those who consume more alcohol.

The mouth and neck are also vulnerable. Alcohol increases the risk of several cancers in these areas, including oral, pharyngeal, laryngeal, and esophageal cancers. The risk increases with the amount of alcohol consumed.

The heart and chest are also affected. While some earlier studies suggested potential benefits, current research presents a more complex picture. Heavy drinking is linked to a higher risk of heart attack and stroke. Moderate drinking's impact is less clear, with some studies showing a slight increased risk and others suggesting a reduced risk compared to non-drinkers.

The gastrointestinal tract is also susceptible to damage. Alcohol consumption increases the risk of colorectal cancer, with those consuming two or more drinks daily showing a significantly higher risk.

The liver is particularly vulnerable. Alcohol-related liver disease is a leading cause of death from excessive drinking. A significant percentage of heavy drinkers develop fat deposits on their liver, and a portion of those develop cirrhosis.

Experts emphasize that the health risks associated with alcohol are relatively low for those who consume one drink a day or less. Risks increase with higher consumption levels, but individual outcomes depend on genetics and pre-existing conditions. Importantly, some damage can be reversed by reducing or ceasing alcohol consumption.

BNN's Perspective: The evolving understanding of alcohol's impact on health highlights the importance of informed choices. While moderate consumption may pose minimal risk for some, individuals should be aware of the potential dangers and consider their personal health factors when making decisions about alcohol consumption.

Keywords: alcohol, health, drinking, brain, cancer, heart, liver, moderate drinking, heavy drinking, risks, consumption, effects, stroke, cirrhosis

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